Motor Types
Different motor types are suited to specific applications. For example, choosing a small gear motor rated for a maximum of 3,000 psi and 2,000 rpm for an application requiring continuous operation at 3,000 psi and 1,000 rpm will result in overstressing the motor, reducing its lifespan even if it technically meets the specifications. A better choice would be a motor with higher ratings to ensure longevity, even if it comes at a higher initial cost, which could be justified by its performance and durability.
How Motors Are Rated
Automotive Lift Repair Florida Motors are rated by displacement, which is the volume of fluid required to rotate the motor shaft once, commonly measured in cubic inches per revolution (cir) or cubic centimeters per revolution (ccr).
Torque, the twisting force the motor can deliver, is another key rating, usually measured in inch-pounds (in-lb) or Newton-meters (Nm). Torque is determined by motor displacement and system pressure.
- Starting Torque: The torque needed to start the motor and turn the load from a stopped position. Starting torque is generally the lowest torque rating due to system inefficiencies.
- Stall Torque: The maximum torque the motor can generate before it stops rotating, also referred to as running torque.
- Rotational Speed: Measured in rotations per minute (rpm), motor speed depends on the hydraulic input flow and motor displacement.
Pressure is generated by resistance to hydraulic flow; the more resistance, the higher the pressure, measured in pounds per square inch (psi), kilopascals (kPa), or bar.
Common Motor Classes and Types
Hydraulic motors are generally classified into two categories: high-speed, low-torque (HSLT) and low-speed, high-torque (LSHT).
- Automotive Lift Repair Florida Gear Motors: Available in gerotor/geroller (orbital) and external spur gear designs. Orbital motors typically fall under the LSHT category, though some are HSLT. They consist of a matched gear set within a housing, where hydraulic fluid causes the gears to rotate, producing rotary motion via the output shaft. Gear motors are lightweight, cost-effective, and suitable for a wide range of speeds and temperatures, but they tend to be noisy. Applications include mobile hydraulics, agricultural machinery, screw conveyors, and fans.
- Automotive Lift Repair Florida Vane Motors: Usually classified as HSLT, though larger displacements can be LSHT. In these motors, hydraulic fluid acts on a rectangular vane within a central rotor, causing the output shaft to rotate. Vane motors are known for low noise levels, low flow pulsation, and high torque at low speeds, making them ideal for industrial, injection molding, and agricultural machinery.
- Automotive Lift Repair Florida Piston Motors: Available in both LSHT and HSLT classifications. Inline piston motors, for example, are HSLT and work by applying hydraulic fluid to a series of pistons within a cylinder barrel. The pistons press against a swash-plate, causing it to rotate and drive the output shaft. Bent-axis piston motors, also HSLT, feature a cylinder barrel angled to the swash-plate, allowing for high-performance, high-pressure, and high-speed operation with mechanical efficiencies up to 97%-98%. Both inline and bent-axis motors can have fixed or variable displacement, with displacement adjustments controlled electrically, hydraulically, or by a combination of both.
Key Features of In-Line Bent-Axis Motors:
– Higher Speeds: Capable of operating at increased speeds.
– Higher Efficiency: Optimized for better performance.
– Displacement Options: Available in both fixed and variable displacement.
– Adjustable Controls: Offers multiple control options to adjust displacement.
– Speed Range: Capable of functioning across a wide range of speeds.
– High Power Density: Delivers significant power in a compact form.
Applications:
– Mobile and Construction Equipment: Ideal for driving machinery.
– Winches and Ship Cranes: Suitable for heavy lifting.
– Heavy-Duty Hydraulic Equipment: Designed for robust applications.
– Offshore and Onshore Operations: Effective in various operational environments.
Radial Piston Motors (LSHT Classification):
Automotive Lift Repair Florida Radial piston motors, classified as Low Speed High Torque (LSHT), are characterized by pistons arranged perpendicular to the output shaft. These pistons typically ride against a cam connected to the output shaft, causing rotation as hydraulic fluid enters the motor. Generally, these motors have a fixed displacement, although some variants offer variable displacement by either limiting the number of pistons receiving fluid or altering the cam’s geometry.
Key Features of Radial Piston Motors:
– Higher Output Torques: Provides substantial torque.
– Lower Output Speeds: Operates at reduced speeds.
– Smoother Low-Speed Operation: Delivers smooth performance at low speeds with no “cogging.”
– Simplified System Design: Reduces or eliminates the need for gearboxes or mechanical ratios in the system.
Motor Selection Considerations:
When selecting a hydraulic motor, consider the following factors:
– Performance Requirements: What does the application demand?
– Load and Torque Needs: What are the break-away and running torque requirements?
– Shaft Speed and Horsepower: What are the necessary speed and power?
– Operating Pressure and Flow: What are the system’s pressure and flow characteristics?
– Displacement Type: Is a fixed or variable displacement motor needed?
– Operating Temperature: What is the expected temperature range?
– Leakage Potential: Is there a risk of leakage?
– Noise Levels: What noise level is acceptable?
– Motor Reliability: How reliable is the design?
– Control Type: Will the motor be controlled mechanically or electronically?
– Ease of Installation and Maintenance: How important are installation and maintenance considerations?
– Bearing Type and Lifespan: What are the bearing specifications and expected life?
– Motor Life Expectancy: How long is the motor expected to last?
– Loop Type: Is the system open or closed loop?
– Contamination Potential: What is the risk of contamination?
– Certifications and Approvals: What certifications are required?
Summary:
When selecting a Automotive Lift Repair Florida hydraulic motor, start by considering the performance requirements of the application. Then, work backward to select the prime mover—the pump. Finally, evaluate the cost of your motor options in relation to the desired system complexity.
Automotive Lift Repair Florida Hydraulic motors are devices that convert hydraulic pressure and fluid into mechanical motion, serving the opposite function of hydraulic cylinders, which convert hydraulic pressure into linear motion. Today, hydraulic motors are widely used in various applications where rotational movement is required to operate vehicles, machinery, and other equipment.
Four Common Types of Hydraulic Motors
There are several types of hydraulic motors used across different applications. Below are four of the most common types:
Our Clients Include: